Weight loss surgery has been shown to have a significant impact on reducing the risk of heart failure in individuals living with obesity. Research funded by reputable institutions like University College London and King’s College London has shed light on the potential benefits of bariatric surgery in improving blood flow through the heart muscle, ultimately reducing the risk of heart disease.
Obesity is a major risk factor for heart failure, as individuals with excess weight often experience reduced blood flow through the small vessels in their hearts. This can lead to various cardiovascular complications over time. However, the recent study conducted by researchers at UCL and King’s College London suggests that the negative effects of obesity on heart health may be reversible through weight loss surgery.
The study, led by Professor Charlotte Manisty, involved heart scans of 27 patients before and six months after undergoing bariatric surgery. Using quantitative perfusion magnetic resonance imaging, the researchers were able to measure blood flow through the smallest vessels in the heart muscle. The results showed that after surgery, patients experienced an increase in blood flow through their hearts, along with improvements in other risk factors for heart disease.
Prior to the surgery, the patients had a median body mass index (BMI) of 44kg/m2, indicating severe obesity. Compared to individuals with a normal BMI, the patients had thicker heart walls and lower blood flow through their heart muscle. However, after losing an average of 29 kg post-surgery, significant improvements were observed in their heart health markers.
Notably, 13 out of the 17 patients with type 2 diabetes before surgery were in remission at the follow-up, highlighting the positive impact of weight loss on metabolic health. Additionally, levels of triglycerides in the patients’ blood decreased, while their HDL cholesterol levels increased. The patients also exhibited reduced fat around their livers and lower blood pressure, further indicating the overall improvement in their cardiovascular health.
Dr. George Joy, a BHF Clinical Research Fellow involved in the study, emphasized the importance of these findings in understanding how weight loss associated with bariatric surgery can benefit individuals living with obesity. He also highlighted the need for further research to explore similar mechanisms in other weight loss interventions, such as medications.
Dr. Sonya Babu-Narayan, Associate Medical Director at BHF, emphasized the critical link between obesity and heart disease, stressing the importance of providing accessible weight loss treatments and support to those in need. She also called for actions to address the food environment, including restrictions on junk food advertising, to promote healthy eating habits and support individuals in maintaining a healthy weight.
In conclusion, the research on weight loss surgery and its impact on heart health provides valuable insights into the potential benefits of bariatric interventions for individuals living with obesity. By addressing obesity and its associated risk factors, we can work towards reducing the burden of heart disease and improving overall cardiovascular outcomes for affected individuals.
